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Vps41 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog; Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways. Believed to act in part as a core component of the putative HOPS endosomal tethering complex is proposed to be involved in the Rab5-to-Rab7 endosome conversion probably implicating MON1A/B, and via binding SNAREs and SNARE complexes to mediate tethering and docking events during SNARE- mediated membrane fusion. The HOPS complex is proposed to be recruited to Rab7 on the late endosomal m [...] (853 aa) | ||||
Atp6v0a1 | V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 1; Required for assembly and activity of the vacuolar ATPase. Potential role in differential targeting and regulation of the enzyme for a specific organelle (By similarity) (838 aa) | ||||
Pgrmc1 | Membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 1; Component of a progesterone-binding protein complex. Binds progesterone. Has many reported cellular functions (heme homeostasis, interaction with CYPs) (195 aa) | ||||
Wdr82 | WD repeat-containing protein 82; Regulatory component of the SET1 complex implicated in the tethering of this complex to transcriptional start sites of active genes. Facilitates histone H3 'Lys-4' methylation via recruitment of the SETD1A or SETD1B to the 'Ser-5' phosphorylated C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II large subunit (POLR2A). Component of PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex, which plays a role in the control of chromatin structure and cell cycle progression during the transition from mitosis into interphase. Possible role in telomere length maintenance and in mRNA processin [...] (313 aa) | ||||
Whsc1 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase NSD2; Histone methyltransferase with histone H3 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) methyltransferase activity (1365 aa) | ||||
Trak2 | Trafficking protein, kinesin binding 2 (913 aa) | ||||
Magee1 | Melanoma-associated antigen E1; May enhance ubiquitin ligase activity of RING-type zinc finger-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. Proposed to act through recruitment and/or stabilization of the Ubl-conjugating enzyme (E2) at the E3:substrate complex (By similarity) (918 aa) | ||||
Pak1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1; Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby media [...] (544 aa) | ||||
Dgcr2 | Integral membrane protein DGCR2/IDD; Probably plays a role in neural crest cell migration. May play a role in delivery of extracellular signals (549 aa) | ||||
Fam168a | Protein FAM168A; In cancer context, protects cells from induced-DNA damage and apoptosis. Acts, at least in part, through PI3K/AKT/NFKB signaling pathway and by preventing POLB degradation. Decreases POLB ubiquitation and stabilizes its protein levels (235 aa) | ||||
Syt11 | Synaptotagmin-11; May be involved in Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of secretory vesicles through Ca(2+) and phospholipid binding to the C2 domain or may serve as Ca(2+) sensors in the process of vesicular trafficking and exocytosis; Belongs to the synaptotagmin family (430 aa) | ||||
Scn8a | Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha; Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. In macrophages, isoform 5 may participate in the control of podosome and invadopodia formation; Belongs to the sodium channel (TC 1.A.1.10) family. Nav1.6/SCN8A subfamily (1978 aa) | ||||
Kcnq2 | Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2; Associates with KCNQ3 to form a potassium channel with essentially identical properties to the channel underlying the native M-current, a slowly activating and deactivating potassium conductance which plays a critical role in determining the subthreshold electrical excitability of neurons as well as the responsiveness to synaptic inputs. Therefore, it is important in the regulation of neuronal excitability (870 aa) | ||||
Camk2n2 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor 2; Potent and specific cellular inhibitor of CaM-kinase II (CAMK2). Traps Ca(2+)/calmodulin on CAMK2 (By similarity); Belongs to the CAMK2N family (79 aa) | ||||
Sez6l | Seizure 6-like protein; Candidate tumor suppressor gene. May contribute to specialized endoplasmic reticulum functions in neurons (963 aa) | ||||
Nsg2 | Neuronal vesicle trafficking-associated protein 2; Neuron specific gene family member 2 (171 aa) | ||||
Mgat3 | Beta-1,4-mannosyl-glycoprotein 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; It is involved in the regulation of the biosynthesis and biological function of glycoprotein oligosaccharides. Catalyzes the addition of N-acetylglucosamine in beta 1-4 linkage to the beta-linked mannose of the trimannosyl core of N-linked sugar chains. It is one of the most important enzymes involved in the regulation of the biosynthesis of glycoprotein oligosaccharides; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 17 family (538 aa) | ||||
Atp2a2 | Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2; This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen. Isoform SERCA2A is involved in the regulation of the contraction/relaxation cycle. Acts as a regulator of TNFSF11-mediated Ca(2+) signaling pathways via its interaction with TMEM64 which is critical for the TNFSF11-induced CREB1 activation and mitochondrial ROS generation necessary for proper osteoclast generation. Association between TMEM64 and SERCA2 in the ER leads to cytos [...] (1044 aa) | ||||
Prrt2 | Proline-rich transmembrane protein 2; Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family (346 aa) | ||||
Atp6v1b2 | V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform; Non-catalytic subunit of the peripheral V1 complex of vacuolar ATPase. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells (511 aa) | ||||
Ahi1 | Jouberin; Involved in vesicle trafficking and required for ciliogenesis, formation of primary non-motile cilium, and recruitment of RAB8A to the basal body of primary cilium. Component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Involved in neuronal differentiation (1047 aa) | ||||
Abca2 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 2; Probable transporter, its natural substrate has not been found yet. May have a role in macrophage lipid metabolism and neural development (2433 aa) | ||||
Elavl3 | ELAV-like protein 3; Binds to AU-rich sequences (AREs) of target mRNAs, including VEGF mRNA. May also bind poly-A tracts via RRM 3. May be involved in neuronal differentiation and maintenance; Belongs to the RRM elav family (367 aa) | ||||
Pfkp | ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, platelet type; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade "E" sub-subfamily (784 aa) | ||||
Dscam | Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule homolog; Cell adhesion molecule that plays a role in neuronal self-avoidance. Promotes repulsion between specific neuronal processes of either the same cell or the same subtype of cells. Mediates within retinal amacrine and ganglion cell subtypes both isoneuronal self-avoidance for creating an orderly dendritic arborization and heteroneuronal self-avoidance to maintain the mosaic spacing between amacrine and ganglion cell bodies. Receptor for netrin required for axon guidance independently of and in collaboration with the receptor DCC. In spinal cho [...] (2013 aa) | ||||
Atp6v0b | V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit; Proton-conducting pore forming subunit of the membrane integral V0 complex of vacuolar ATPase. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells (205 aa) | ||||
Pafah1b3 | Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit gamma; Inactivates paf by removing the acetyl group at the sn-2 position. This is a catalytic subunit. Plays an important role during the development of brain; Belongs to the 'GDSL' lipolytic enzyme family. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB beta/gamma subunits subfamily (232 aa) | ||||
Ncdn | Neurochondrin; Probably involved in signal transduction, in the nervous system, via increasing cell surface localization of GRM5 and positively regulating its signaling. Required for the spatial learning process. Acts as a negative regulator of Ca(2+)- calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CaMK2) phosphorylation. May play a role in modulating melanin-concentrating hormone-mediated functions via its interaction with MCHR1 that interferes with G protein-coupled signal transduction. May be involved in bone metabolism. May also be involved in neurite outgrowth (729 aa) | ||||
Ncs1 | Neuronal calcium sensor 1; Neuronal calcium sensor, regulator of G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation in a calcium dependent manner. Directly regulates GRK1 (RHOK), but not GRK2 to GRK5. Can substitute for calmodulin (By similarity). Stimulates PI4KB kinase activity (By similarity). Involved in long-term synaptic plasticity through its interaction with PICK1 (By similarity). May also play a role in neuron differentiation through inhibition of the activity of N- type voltage-gated calcium channel (By similarity); Belongs to the recoverin family (190 aa) | ||||
Nmnat2 | Nicotinamide/nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2; Catalyzes the formation of NAD(+) from nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and ATP. Can also use the deamidated form; nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN) as substrate but with a lower efficiency. Cannot use triazofurin monophosphate (TrMP) as substrate. Also catalyzes the reverse reaction, i.e. the pyrophosphorolytic cleavage of NAD(+). For the pyrophosphorolytic activity prefers NAD(+), NADH and NaAD as substrates and degrades nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NHD) less effectively. Fails to cleave phosphory [...] (307 aa) | ||||
Clstn3 | Calsyntenin-3; May modulate calcium-mediated postsynaptic signals. Complex formation with APBA2 and APP, stabilizes APP metabolism and enhances APBA2-mediated suppression of beta-APP40 secretion, due to the retardation of intracellular APP maturation (956 aa) | ||||
Baiap3 | BAI1-associated protein 3 (1150 aa) | ||||
Ap3b2 | AP-3 complex subunit beta-2; Subunit of non-clathrin- and clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-3 appears to be involved in the sorting of a subset of transmembrane proteins targeted to lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles. In concert with the BLOC-1 complex, AP-3 is required to target cargos into [...] (1082 aa) | ||||
Nfe2l1 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 1; Isoform 3 interacts with the extended kappa 3 site of the TNF alpha promoter after Fc gamma RIII stimulation and participates in the induction of this cytokine. According to PubMed:9580677, isoform 1 is either inactive or represses the transcriptional activation. Isoform 2 activates the expression of antioxidant response element (ARE) containing reporters and genes in cells, and may play a role in oxidative stress response. According to PubMed:23144760, isoform 1 also activates ARE-driven genes (742 aa) | ||||
Eml2 | Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 2; Tubulin binding protein that inhibits microtubule nucleation and growth, resulting in shorter microtubules (668 aa) | ||||
Stmn1 | Stathmin; Involved in the regulation of the microtubule (MT) filament system by destabilizing microtubules. Prevents assembly and promotes disassembly of microtubules. Phosphorylation at Ser- 16 may be required for axon formation during neurogenesis (By similarity). Involved in the control of the learned and innate fear (149 aa) | ||||
Got2 | Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the irreversible transamination of the L- tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenine to form kynurenic acid (KA). Plays a key role in amino acid metabolism. Important for metabolite exchange between mitochondria and cytosol. Facilitates cellular uptake of long-chain free fatty acids (430 aa) | ||||
Ogdh | 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: 2- oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) (1023 aa) | ||||
Grina | Protein lifeguard 1; Potential apoptotic regulator (345 aa) | ||||
Syt1 | Synaptotagmin-1; May have a regulatory role in the membrane interactions during trafficking of synaptic vesicles at the active zone of the synapse. It binds acidic phospholipids with a specificity that requires the presence of both an acidic head group and a diacyl backbone. A Ca(2+)-dependent interaction between synaptotagmin and putative receptors for activated protein kinase C has also been reported. It can bind to at least three additional proteins in a Ca(2+)-independent manner; these are neurexins, syntaxin and AP2. Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity) (421 aa) | ||||
Atp5h | ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the cent [...] (161 aa) | ||||
Atp9a | Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IIA; ATPase, class II, type 9A (1105 aa) | ||||
Camk2b | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta; Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that functions autonomously after Ca(2+)/calmodulin-binding and autophosphorylation, and is involved in dendritic spine and synapse formation, neuronal plasticity and regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) transport in skeletal muscle. In neurons, plays an essential structural role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton during plasticity by binding and bundling actin filaments in a kinase-independent manner. This structural function is required for correct targeti [...] (542 aa) | ||||
Larp1 | La-related protein 1; RNA-binding protein that promotes translation of specific classes of mRNAs downstream of the mTORC1 complex. Associates with the mRNA 5'cap in an MTOR-dependent manner and associates with mRNAs containing a 5' terminal oligopyrimidine (5'TOP) motif, which is present in mRNAs encoding for ribosomal proteins and several components of the translation machinery. Associates with actively translating ribosomes via interaction with PABPC1/PABP and stimulates translation of mRNAs containing a 5'TOP, thereby regulating cell growth and proliferation. Positively regulates th [...] (1072 aa) | ||||
Camta1 | Calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1; Transcriptional activator; Belongs to the CAMTA family (1682 aa) | ||||
Fto | Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO; Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation. Has highest activity towards single- stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, followed by single- stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine. Has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine. Specifically demethylates N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes. Has no activity towards 1- methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards doubl [...] (502 aa) | ||||
Cab39 | Calcium-binding protein 39; Component of a complex that binds and activates STK11/LKB1. In the complex, required to stabilize the interaction between CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta) and STK11/LKB1 (By similarity) (341 aa) | ||||
Atcay | Caytaxin; Functions in the development of neural tissues, particularly the postnatal maturation of the cerebellar cortex. May play a role in neurotransmission through regulation of glutaminase/GLS, an enzyme responsible for the production in neurons of the glutamate neurotransmitter. Alternatively, may regulate the localization of mitochondria within axons and dendrites (372 aa) | ||||
Eef2 | Elongation factor 2; Catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post- translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily (858 aa) | ||||
Slc22a17 | Solute carrier family 22 member 17; Cell surface receptor for LCN2 (24p3) that plays a key role in iron homeostasis and transport. Able to bind iron-bound LCN2 (holo-24p3), followed by internalization of holo-24p3 and release of iron, thereby increasing intracellular iron concentration and leading to inhibition of apoptosis. Also binds iron-free LCN2 (apo-24p3), followed by internalization of apo-24p3 and its association with an intracellular siderophore, leading to iron chelation and iron transfer to the extracellular medium, thereby reducing intracellular iron concentration and resul [...] (401 aa) | ||||
Ndufb6 | NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6; Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (128 aa) | ||||
Hspa4 | Heat shock protein 4; Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family (842 aa) | ||||
Enah | Protein enabled homolog; Ena/VASP proteins are actin-associated proteins involved in a range of processes dependent on cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity such as axon guidance and lamellipodial and filopodial dynamics in migrating cells. ENAH induces the formation of F-actin rich outgrowths in fibroblasts. Acts synergistically with BAIAP2-alpha and downstream of NTN1 to promote filipodia formation (804 aa) | ||||
Aff4 | AF4/FMR2 family member 4; Key component of the super elongation complex (SEC), a complex required to increase the catalytic rate of RNA polymerase II transcription by suppressing transient pausing by the polymerase at multiple sites along the DNA. In the SEC complex, AFF4 acts as a central scaffold that recruits other factors through direct interactions with ELL proteins (ELL, ELL2 or ELL3) and the P-TEFb complex. In case of infection by HIV-1 virus, the SEC complex is recruited by the viral Tat protein to stimulate viral gene expression (By similarity); Belongs to the AF4 family (1160 aa) | ||||
Dync1li2 | Cytoplasmic dynein 1 light intermediate chain 2; Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. May play a role in binding dynein to membranous organelles or chromosomes (By similarity) (492 aa) | ||||
Wasf3 | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 3; Downstream effector molecules involved in the transmission of signals from tyrosine kinase receptors and small GTPases to the actin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Required in the control of cell shape (By similarity) (501 aa) | ||||
Mapre2 | Microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 2; May be involved in microtubule polymerization, and spindle function by stabilizing microtubules and anchoring them at centrosomes. May play a role in cell migration (By similarity) (326 aa) | ||||
Lhfpl4 | LHFPL tetraspan subfamily member 4 protein; Lipoma HMGIC fusion partner-like protein 4; Belongs to the LHFP family (247 aa) | ||||
Vamp2 | Vesicle-associated membrane protein 2; Involved in the targeting and/or fusion of transport vesicles to their target membrane. Modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1 (By similarity) (116 aa) | ||||
Gabrq | Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta; GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel (638 aa) | ||||
Mapk8ip3 | C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 3; The JNK-interacting protein (JIP) group of scaffold proteins selectively mediates JNK signaling by aggregating specific components of the MAPK cascade to form a functional JNK signaling module. May function as a regulator of vesicle transport, through interactions with the JNK-signaling components and motor proteins (1337 aa) | ||||
Scd2 | Acyl-CoA desaturase 2; Stearyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O(2) and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates. Catalyzes the insertion of a cis double bond at the delta-9 position into fatty acyl-CoA substrates including palmitoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA. Gives rise to a mixture of 16:1 and 18:1 unsaturated fatty acids. Contributes to the biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides, especially during embryonic development and in neonates. Important for normal permeability barrier funct [...] (358 aa) | ||||
Sdhb | Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial; Iron-sulfur protein (IP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) (282 aa) | ||||
Rab15 | Ras-related protein Rab-15; May act in concert with RAB3A in regulating aspects of synaptic vesicle membrane flow within the nerve terminal. EHBP1L1 (212 aa) | ||||
Ndrg4 | Protein NDRG4; Contributes to the maintenance of intracerebral BDNF levels within the normal range, which is necessary for the preservation of spatial learning and the resistance to neuronal cell death caused by ischemic stress. May enhance growth factor- induced ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation. May attenuate NGF-promoted ELK1 phosphorylation in a microtubule-dependent manner (339 aa) | ||||
Hspa4l | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 4L; Possesses chaperone activity in vitro where it inhibits aggregation of citrate synthase (838 aa) | ||||
Megf11 | Multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains protein 11; Multiple EGF-like-domains 11 (947 aa) | ||||
Eef1a2 | Elongation factor 1-alpha 2; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis (463 aa) | ||||
Impad1 | Inositol monophosphatase 3; May play a role in the formation of skeletal elements derived through endochondral ossification, possibly by clearing adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate produced by Golgi sulfotransferases during glycosaminoglycan sulfation (356 aa) | ||||
Frrs1l | DOMON domain-containing protein FRRS1L; Important modulator of glutamate signaling pathway (293 aa) | ||||
Timp2 | Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2; Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor; Belongs to the protease inhibitor I35 (TIMP) family (220 aa) | ||||
Nedd4 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Specifically ubiquitinates 'Lys-63' in target proteins (By similarity). Monoubiquitinates IGF1R at multiple sites, thus leading to receptor internalization and degradation in lysosomes. Ubiquitinates FGFR1, leading to receptor internalization and degradation in lysosomes. Involved in ubiquitination of ERBB4 intracellular domain E4ICD1. Predominantly involved in ubiquiti [...] (887 aa) | ||||
Rnf208 | Ring finger protein 208 (265 aa) | ||||
Tmod2 | Tropomodulin-2; Blocks the elongation and depolymerization of the actin filaments at the pointed end. The Tmod/TM complex contributes to the formation of the short actin protofilament, which in turn defines the geometry of the membrane skeleton (By similarity) (351 aa) | ||||
Fam168b | Myelin-associated neurite-outgrowth inhibitor; Inhibitor of neuronal axonal outgrowth. Acts as a negative regulator of CDC42 and STAT3 and a positive regulator of STMN2. Positive regulator of CDC27 (201 aa) | ||||
Rab5b | Ras-related protein Rab-5B; Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity) (215 aa) | ||||
Slc6a17 | Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter SLC6A17; Functions as a sodium-dependent vesicular transporter selective for proline, glycine, leucine and alanine. In contrast to other members of this neurotransmitter transporter family, does not appear to be chloride-dependent (By similarity); Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A17 subfamily (724 aa) | ||||
Vdac3 | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3; Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane that allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules (284 aa) | ||||
App | Amyloid-beta A4 protein; Functions as a cell surface receptor and performs physiological functions on the surface of neurons relevant to neurite growth, neuronal adhesion and axonogenesis. Involved in cell mobility and transcription regulation through protein-protein interactions. Can promote transcription activation through binding to APBB1-KAT5 and inhibit Notch signaling through interaction with Numb. Couples to apoptosis-inducing pathways such as those mediated by G(O) and JIP. Inhibits G(o) alpha ATPase activity (By similarity). Acts as a kinesin I membrane receptor, mediating the [...] (695 aa) | ||||
Vapa | Vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein A; Binds to OSBPL3, which mediates recruitment of VAPA to plasma membrane sites. The ORP3-VAPA complex stimulates RRAS signaling which in turn attenuates integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) activation at the cell surface. With OSBPL3, may regulate ER morphology. May play a role in vesicle trafficking; Belongs to the VAMP-associated protein (VAP) (TC 9.B.17) family (249 aa) | ||||
Sptan1 | Spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1; Fodrin, which seems to be involved in secretion, interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane (2477 aa) | ||||
Actr1b | Beta-centractin; Component of a multi-subunit complex involved in microtubule based vesicle motility. It is associated with the centrosome (By similarity) (376 aa) | ||||
Enpp5 | Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 5; May play a role in neuronal cell communication. Lacks nucleotide pyrophosphatase and lysopholipase D activity (By similarity) (477 aa) | ||||
Nsf | Vesicle-fusing ATPase; Required for vesicle-mediated transport. Catalyzes the fusion of transport vesicles within the Golgi cisternae. Is also required for transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi stack. Seems to function as a fusion protein required for the delivery of cargo proteins to all compartments of the Golgi stack GRIA2 leads to influence GRIA2 membrane cycling (By similarity) (744 aa) | ||||
Disp2 | Dispatched homolog 2 (Drosophila); Belongs to the dispatched family (1345 aa) | ||||
Ttyh3 | Protein tweety homolog 3; Probable large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated chloride channel. May play a role in Ca(2+) signal transduction (By similarity) (524 aa) | ||||
H3f3b | H3 histone, family 3B (136 aa) | ||||
Mfsd6 | Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 6; MHC class I receptor. Binds only to H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, K-D alpha chain (H-2K(D)) (794 aa) | ||||
Trim2 | Tripartite motif-containing protein 2; UBE2D1-dependent E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the ubiquitination of NEFL and of phosphorylated BCL2L11. Plays a neuroprotective function. May play a role in neuronal rapid ischemic tolerance (744 aa) | ||||
Ndufs5 | NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5; Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (106 aa) | ||||
Mapk8ip2 | C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 2; The JNK-interacting protein (JIP) group of scaffold proteins selectively mediates JNK signaling by aggregating specific components of the MAPK cascade to form a functional JNK signaling module. JIP2 inhibits IL1 beta-induced apoptosis in insulin-secreting cells (By similarity) (830 aa) | ||||
Syt7 | Synaptotagmin-7; Ca(2+) sensor involved in Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of secretory and synaptic vesicles through Ca(2+) and phospholipid binding to the C2 domain. Ca(2+) induces binding of the C2-domains to phospholipid membranes and to assembled SNARE-complexes; both actions contribute to triggering exocytosis. SYT7 binds Ca(2+) with high affinity and slow kinetics compared to other synaptotagmins. Involved in Ca(2+)-triggered lysosomal exocytosis, a major component of the plasma membrane repair (By similarity). Ca(2+)-regulated delivery of lysosomal membranes to the cell surface is [...] (567 aa) | ||||
Atp2b2 | Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2; This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium out of the cell. Plays a role in maintaining balance and hearing; Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIB subfamily (1198 aa) | ||||
Dnajc5 | DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 5; Acts as a co-chaperone for the SNARE protein SNAP-25. Involved in the calcium-mediated control of a late stage of exocytosis. Acts as a general chaperone in regulated exocytosis (By similarity). May have an important role in presynaptic function (By similarity). May be involved in calcium-dependent neurotransmitter release at nerve endings (By similarity) (198 aa) | ||||
Ywhab | 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha; Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner. Negative regulator of osteogenesis. Blocks the nuclear translocation of the phosphorylated form (by AKT1) of SRPK2 and antagonizes its stimulatory effect on cyclin D1 expression resulting in blockage of neuronal apoptosis elicited by SRPK2. Negative regulato [...] (246 aa) | ||||
Rab11fip4 | Rab11 family-interacting protein 4; Acts as a regulator of endocytic traffic by participating in membrane delivery. Required for the abcission step in cytokinesis, possibly by acting as an 'address tag' delivering recycling endosome membranes to the cleavage furrow during late cytokinesis (By similarity). May play a role in differentiation during retinal development, in a Rab11-independent manner (635 aa) | ||||
Ntrk2 | BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor; Receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the development and the maturation of the central and the peripheral nervous systems through regulation of neuron survival, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and synapse formation and plasticity. Receptor for BDNF/brain-derived neurotrophic factor and NTF4/neurotrophin- 4. Alternatively can also bind NTF3/neurotrophin-3 which is less efficient in activating the receptor but regulates neuron survival through NTRK2. Upon ligand-binding, undergoes homodimerization, autophosphorylation and activation. Recruits [...] (821 aa) | ||||
Epb4.1l1 | Band 4.1-like protein 1; May function to confer stability and plasticity to neuronal membrane via multiple interactions, including the spectrin-actin-based cytoskeleton, integral membrane channels and membrane-associated guanylate kinases (879 aa) | ||||
Ndufc2 | NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2; Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (120 aa) | ||||
Snap25 | Synaptosomal-associated protein 25; t-SNARE involved in the molecular regulation of neurotransmitter release. May play an important role in the synaptic function of specific neuronal systems. Associates with proteins involved in vesicle docking and membrane fusion. Regulates plasma membrane recycling through its interaction with CENPF. Modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1 in pancreatic beta cells (By similarity); Belongs to the SNAP-25 family (206 aa) | ||||
Tex2 | Testis-expressed protein 2; Testis expressed gene 2 (1128 aa) | ||||
Nckap1 | Nck-associated protein 1; Part of the WAVE complex that regulates lamellipodia formation. The WAVE complex regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex. Actin remodeling activity is regulated by RAC1. As component of the WAVE1 complex, required for BDNF-NTRK2 endocytic trafficking and signaling from early endosomes; Belongs to the HEM-1/HEM-2 family (1128 aa) | ||||
Clip3 | CAP-Gly domain-containing linker protein 3; Functions as a cytoplasmic linker protein. Involved in TGN-endosome dynamics. May modulate the cellular compartmentalization of AKT kinase family and promote its cell membrane localization, thereby playing a role in glucose transport in adipocytes (By similarity) (547 aa) | ||||
Slc36a1 | Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1; Neutral amino acid/proton symporter. Has a pH-dependent electrogenic transport activity for small amino acids such as glycine, alanine and proline. Besides small apolar L-amino acids, it also recognize their D-enantiomers and selected amino acid derivatives such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (475 aa) | ||||
Gapvd1 | GTPase-activating protein and VPS9 domain-containing protein 1; Acts both as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) and a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), and participates in various processes such as endocytosis, insulin receptor internalization or LC2A4/GLUT4 trafficking. Acts as a GEF for the Ras-related protein RAB31 by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP, leading to regulate LC2A4/GLUT4 trafficking. In the absence of insulin, it maintains RAB31 in an active state and promotes a futile cycle between LC2A4/GLUT4 storage vesicles and early endosomes, retaining LC2A4/GLUT4 inside th [...] (1458 aa) | ||||
Rtn3 | Reticulon-3; May be involved in membrane trafficking in the early secretory pathway. Inhibits BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein processing. May induce caspase-8 cascade and apoptosis. May favor BCL2 translocation to the mitochondria upon endoplasmic reticulum stress (By similarity). Induces the formation of endoplasmic reticulum tubules (964 aa) | ||||
Rnf14 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF14; Might act as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and then transfers it to substrates, which could be nuclear proteins. Could play a role as a coactivator for androgen- and, to a lesser extent, progesterone-dependent transcription (By similarity) (485 aa) | ||||
Scamp1 | Secretory carrier-associated membrane protein 1; Functions in post-Golgi recycling pathways. Acts as a recycling carrier to the cell surface (By similarity) (338 aa) | ||||
Zdhhc22 | Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC22; Palmitoyltransferase that mediates palmitoylation of KCNMA1, regulating localization of KCNMA1 to the plasma membrane (263 aa) | ||||
Zyg11b | Protein zyg-11 homolog B; Probably acts as target recruitment subunit in the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex ZYG11B-CUL2-Elongin BC (744 aa) | ||||
Etnk1 | Ethanolamine kinase 1; Highly specific for ethanolamine phosphorylation. May be a rate-controlling step in phosphatidylathanolamine biosynthesis (By similarity); Belongs to the choline/ethanolamine kinase family (363 aa) | ||||
Map1b | Microtubule-associated protein 1B; Phosphorylated MAP1B may play a role in the cytoskeletal changes that accompany neurite extension. Possibly MAP1B binds to at least two tubulin subunits in the polymer, and this bridging of subunits might be involved in nucleating microtubule polymerization and in stabilizing microtubules. Acts as a positive cofactor in DAPK1-mediated autophagic vesicle formation and membrane blebbing (By similarity). Facilitates tyrosination of alpha-tubulin in neuronal microtubules. Required for synaptic maturation (2464 aa) | ||||
Slc7a14 | Probable cationic amino acid transporter; May be involved in arginine transport (771 aa) | ||||
Tspyl4 | Testis-specific Y-encoded-like protein 4; TSPY-like 4; Belongs to the nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family (406 aa) | ||||
Hap1 | Huntingtin-associated protein 1; Originally identified as neuronal protein that specifically associates with HTT/huntingtin and the binding is enhanced by an expanded polyglutamine repeat within HTT possibly affecting HAP1 interaction properties. Both HTT and HAP1 are involved in intracellular trafficking and HAP1 is proposed to link HTT to motor proteins and/or transport cargos. Seems to play a role in vesicular transport within neurons and axons such as from early endosomes to late endocytic compartments and to promote neurite outgrowth. The vesicular transport function via associati [...] (598 aa) | ||||
Tnk2 | Activated CDC42 kinase 1; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein and serine/threonine- protein kinase that is implicated in cell spreading and migration, cell survival, cell growth and proliferation. Transduces extracellular signals to cytosolic and nuclear effectors. Phosphorylates AKT1, AR, MCF2, WASL and WWOX. Implicated in trafficking and clathrin-mediated endocytosis through binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and clathrin. Binds to both poly- and mono-ubiquitin and regulates ligand-induced degradation of EGFR, thereby contributing to the accumulation of EGFR at the limiting [...] (1055 aa) | ||||
Ctsb | Cathepsin B; Thiol protease which is believed to participate in intracellular degradation and turnover of proteins. Has also been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis; Belongs to the peptidase C1 family (339 aa) | ||||
Tm2d3 | TM2 domain containing 3 (230 aa) | ||||
Itm2b | Integral membrane protein 2B; Plays a regulatory role in the processing of the amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein (APP) and acts as an inhibitor of the amyloid-beta peptide aggregation and fibrils deposition. Plays a role in the induction of neurite outgrowth. Functions as a protease inhibitor by blocking access of secretases to APP cleavage sites (By similarity); Belongs to the ITM2 family (266 aa) | ||||
Dennd5a | DENN domain-containing protein 5A; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which may activate RAB6A and RAB39A and/or RAB39B. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound Rab proteins into their active GTP-bound form (By similarity). Involved in the negative regulation of neurite outgrowth (By similarity); Belongs to the RAB6IP1 family (1287 aa) | ||||
Prdx2 | Peroxiredoxin-2; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and as sensor of hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling events. Might participate in the signaling cascades of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by regulating the intracellular concentrations of H(2)O(2) (198 aa) | ||||
Atp6v1a | V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A; Catalytic subunit of the peripheral V1 complex of vacuolar ATPase. V-ATPase vacuolar ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells. In aerobic conditions, involved in intracellular iron homeostasis, thus triggering the activity of Fe(2+) prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) enzymes, and leading to HIF1A hydroxylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation (By similarity); Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family (617 aa) | ||||
Nacc2 | Nucleus accumbens-associated protein 2; Functions as a transcriptional repressor through its association with the NuRD complex. Recruits the NuRD complex to the promoter of MDM2, leading to the repression of MDM2 transcription and subsequent stability of p53/TP53 (By similarity) (586 aa) | ||||
Tmem50b | Transmembrane protein 50B (158 aa) | ||||
Tbc1d24 | TBC1 domain family member 24; May act as a GTPase-activating protein for Rab family protein(s). Involved in neuronal projections development, probably through a negative modulation of ARF6 function (561 aa) | ||||
Scn2b | Sodium channel subunit beta-2; Crucial in the assembly, expression, and functional modulation of the heterotrimeric complex of the sodium channel. The subunit beta-2 causes an increase in the plasma membrane surface area and in its folding into microvilli. Interacts with TNR may play a crucial role in clustering and regulation of activity of sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier (By similarity) (215 aa) | ||||
Nudt3 | Diphosphoinositol polyphosphate phosphohydrolase 1; Cleaves a beta-phosphate from the diphosphate groups in PP-InsP5 (diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate) and [PP]2-InsP4 (bisdiphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate), suggesting that it may play a role in signal transduction. InsP6 (inositol hexakisphophate) is not a substrate. Also able to catalyze the hydrolysis of dinucleoside oligophosphates, with Ap6A and Ap5A being the preferred substrates. The major reaction products are ADP and p4a from Ap6A and ADP and ATP from Ap5A. Also able to hydrolyze 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate (By similari [...] (168 aa) | ||||
Kif1a | Kinesin-like protein KIF1A; Motor for anterograde axonal transport of synaptic vesicle precursors; Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. Unc-104 subfamily (1698 aa) | ||||
Mpc2 | Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2; Mediates the uptake of pyruvate into mitochondria (127 aa) | ||||
Dzank1 | Double zinc ribbon and ankyrin repeat domains 1 (778 aa) | ||||
Stx1b | Syntaxin-1B; Potentially involved in docking of synaptic vesicles at presynaptic active zones (By similarity). May mediate Ca(2+)- regulation of exocytosis acrosomal reaction in sperm; Belongs to the syntaxin family (288 aa) | ||||
Aatk | Serine/threonine-protein kinase LMTK1; May be involved in neuronal differentiation (1317 aa) | ||||
Mtx2 | Metaxin-2; Involved in transport of proteins into the mitochondrion (263 aa) | ||||
Cds2 | Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 2; Provides CDP-diacylglycerol, an important precursor for the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin; Belongs to the CDS family (444 aa) | ||||
Stxbp1 | Syntaxin-binding protein 1; May participate in the regulation of synaptic vesicle docking and fusion, possibly through interaction with GTP-binding proteins. Essential for neurotransmission and binds syntaxin, a component of the synaptic vesicle fusion machinery probably in a 1:1 ratio. Can interact with syntaxins 1, 2, and 3 but not syntaxin 4. May play a role in determining the specificity of intracellular fusion reactions (By similarity) (603 aa) | ||||
Gas7 | Growth arrest-specific protein 7; May play a role in promoting maturation and morphological differentiation of cerebellar neurons (416 aa) | ||||
Arl8a | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 8A; May play a role in lysosomes motility. Alternatively, may play a role in chromosome segregation (By similarity) (186 aa) | ||||
Ago1 | Protein argonaute-1; Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi). Binds to short RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) or short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and represses the translation of mRNAs which are complementary to them. Lacks endonuclease activity and does not appear to cleave target mRNAs. May also be required for transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) of promoter regions which are complementary to bound short antigene RNAs (agRNAs); Belongs to the argonaute family. Ago subfamily (857 aa) | ||||
Kcna2 | Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain and the central nervous system, but also in the cardiovascular system. Prevents aberrant action potential firing and regulates neuronal output. Forms tetrameric potassium- selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane. Can form func [...] (499 aa) | ||||
Iqsec3 | IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3; Acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for ARF1; Belongs to the BRAG family (1195 aa) | ||||
Pygb | Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form; Glycogen phosphorylase that regulates glycogen mobilization. Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties (843 aa) | ||||
Camsap2 | Calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated protein 2; Key microtubule-organizing protein that specifically binds the minus-end of non-centrosomal microtubules and regulates their dynamics and organization. Specifically recognizes growing microtubule minus-ends and autonomously decorates and stabilizes microtubule lattice formed by microtubule minus-end polymerization (By similarity). Acts on free microtubule minus-ends that are not capped by microtubule-nucleating proteins or other factors and protects microtubule minus-ends from depolymerization (By similarity). In addition, it also red [...] (1478 aa) | ||||
Tmx2 | Thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2 (295 aa) | ||||
Atxn7l3 | Ataxin-7-like protein 3; Component of the transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complex SAGA, a multiprotein complex that activates transcription by remodeling chromatin and mediating histone acetylation and deubiquitination. Within the SAGA complex, participates in a subcomplex that specifically deubiquitinates both histones H2A and H2B. The SAGA complex is recruited to specific gene promoters by activators such as MYC, where it is required for transcription. Required for nuclear receptor-mediated transactivation. Within the complex, it is required to recruit USP22 and EN [...] (347 aa) | ||||
Ctif | CBP80/20-dependent translation initiation factor; Specifically required for the pioneer round of mRNA translation mediated by the cap-binding complex (CBC), that takes place during or right after mRNA export via the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Acts via its interaction with the NCBP1/CBP80 component of the CBC complex and recruits the 40S small subunit of the ribosome via eIF3. In contrast, it is not involved in steady state translation, that takes place when the CBC complex is replaced by cytoplasmic cap-binding protein eIF4E. Also required for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), the p [...] (623 aa) | ||||
Efr3b | Protein EFR3 homolog B; Component of a complex required to localize phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) to the plasma membrane. The complex acts as a regulator of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) synthesis. In the complex, EFR3B probably acts as the membrane-anchoring component. Also involved in responsiveness to G-protein-coupled receptors; it is however unclear whether this role is direct or indirect (817 aa) | ||||
Ndufs3 | NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity) (263 aa) | ||||
Hras | GTPase HRas; Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family (189 aa) | ||||
Fem1b | Protein fem-1 homolog B; Component of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, in which it may act as a substrate recognition subunit. Involved in apoptosis by acting as a death receptor-associated protein that mediates apoptosis. Also involved in glucose homeostasis in pancreatic islet. Functions as an adapter/mediator in replication stress-induced signaling that leads to the activation of CHEK1 (By similarity); Belongs to the fem-1 family (627 aa) | ||||
Cadm3 | Cell adhesion molecule 3; Involved in the cell-cell adhesion. Has both calcium- independent homophilic cell-cell adhesion activity and calcium- independent heterophilic cell-cell adhesion activity with IGSF4, NECTIN1 and NECTIN3. Interaction with EPB41L1 may regulate structure or function of cell-cell junctions; Belongs to the nectin family (396 aa) | ||||
Prdx1 | Peroxiredoxin-1; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and as sensor of hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling events. Might participate in the signaling cascades of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by regulating the intracellular concentrations of H(2)O(2) (By similarity). Reduces an intramolecular disulfide bond in GDPD5 that gates the ability to GDPD5 to drive postmitotic motor neuron diffe [...] (199 aa) | ||||
Ank3 | Ankyrin-3; Membrane-cytoskeleton linker. May participate in the maintenance/targeting of ion channels and cell adhesion molecules at the nodes of Ranvier and axonal initial segments (By similarity). In skeletal muscle, required for costamere localization of DMD and betaDAG1. Regulates KCNA1 channel activity in function of dietary Mg(2+) levels, and thereby contributes to the regulation of renal Mg(2+) reabsorption (1094 aa) | ||||
Cadps | Calcium-dependent secretion activator 1; Calcium-binding protein involved in exocytosis of vesicles filled with neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Probably acts upstream of fusion in the biogenesis or maintenance of mature secretory vesicles. Regulates catecholamine loading of DCVs. May specifically mediate the Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of large dense-core vesicles (DCVs) and other dense-core vesicles by acting as a PtdIns(4,5)P2-binding protein that acts at prefusion step following ATP-dependent priming and participates in DCVs-membrane fusion. However, it may also participate in [...] (1361 aa) | ||||
Bai1 | Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor B1; Phosphatidylserine receptor which enhances the engulfment of apoptotic cells. Also mediates the binding and engulfment of Gram-negative bacteria. Stimulates production of reactive oxygen species by macrophages in response to Gram- negative bacteria, resulting in enhanced microbicidal macrophage activity (By similarity). In the gastric mucosa, required for recognition and engulfment of apoptotic gastric epithelial cells (By similarity). Promotes myoblast fusion. Activates the Rho pathway in a G-protein-dependent manner (By similarity). Inhibits MD [...] (1582 aa) | ||||
Syn1 | Synapsin-1; Neuronal phosphoprotein that coats synaptic vesicles, binds to the cytoskeleton, and is believed to function in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. Regulation of neurotransmitter release. The complex formed with NOS1 and CAPON proteins is necessary for specific nitric-oxide functions at a presynaptic level (670 aa) | ||||
Ppp2r1a | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform; The PR65 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A serves as a scaffolding molecule to coordinate the assembly of the catalytic subunit and a variable regulatory B subunit. Upon interaction with GNA12 promotes dephosphorylation of microtubule associated protein TAU/MAPT (By similarity). Required for proper chromosome segregation and for centromeric localization of SGO1 in mitosis (By similarity) (589 aa) | ||||
Dnm1 | Dynamin-1; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein involved in producing microtubule bundles and able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Most probably involved in vesicular trafficking processes. Involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis (By similarity) (864 aa) | ||||
Gdi2 | Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta; Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of most Rab proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them (445 aa) | ||||
Ids | Iduronate 2-sulfatase; Required for the lysosomal degradation of heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate (552 aa) | ||||
Myt1l | Myelin transcription factor 1-like protein; Transcription factor that plays a key role in neuronal differentiation by specifically repressing expression of non- neuronal genes during neuron differentiation. In contrast to other transcription repressors that inhibit specific lineages, mediates repression of multiple differentiation programs. Also represses expression of negative regulators of neurogenesis, such as members of the Notch signaling pathway, including HES1. The combination of three transcription factors, ASCL1, POU3F2/BRN2 and MYT1L, is sufficient to reprogram fibroblasts an [...] (1187 aa) | ||||
Larp4b | La-related protein 4B; Stimulates mRNA translation (741 aa) | ||||
Tppp | Tubulin polymerization-promoting protein; May play a role in the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules, microtubule bundling and the stabilization of existing microtubules, thus maintaining the integrity of the microtubule network. May play a role in mitotic spindle assembly and nuclear envelope breakdown (218 aa) | ||||
Pgm2l1 | Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase; Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase using 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate as a phosphate donor and a series of 1- phosphate sugars as acceptors, including glucose 1-phosphate, mannose 1-phosphate, ribose 1-phosphate and deoxyribose 1- phosphate. 5 or 6-phosphosugars are bad substrates, with the exception of glucose 6-phosphate. Also synthesizes ribose 1,5- bisphosphate. Has only low phosphopentomutase and phosphoglucomutase activities (By similarity) (621 aa) | ||||
Purb | Transcriptional activator protein Pur-beta; Has capacity to bind repeated elements in single- stranded DNA such as the purine-rich single strand of the PUR element located upstream of the MYC gene. Participates in transcriptional and translational regulation of alpha-MHC expression in cardiac myocytes by binding to the purine-rich negative regulatory (PNR) element. Modulates constitutive liver galectin-3 gene transcription by binding to its promoter. May play a role in the dendritic transport of a subset of mRNAs (By similarity). Plays a role in the control of vascular smooth muscle (V [...] (324 aa) | ||||
Msl1 | Male-specific lethal 1 homolog; Component of histone acetyltransferase complex responsible for the majority of histone H4 acetylation at 'Lys-17' which is implicated in the formation of higher-order chromatin. structure (By similarity). Greatly enhances MSL2 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, promoting monoubiquitination of histone H2B at 'Lys-35' (H2BK34Ub). This modification in turn stimulates histone H3 methylation at 'Lys-5' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-80' (H3K79me) and leads to gene activation, including that of HOXA9 and MEIS1. In the MSL complex, acts as a scaffold to tether MSL3 and KAT8 toge [...] (616 aa) | ||||
Map4 | Microtubule-associated protein 4; Non-neuronal microtubule-associated protein. Promotes microtubule assembly (1125 aa) | ||||
Selt | Thioredoxin reductase-like selenoprotein T; Selenoprotein with thioredoxin reductase-like oxidoreductase activity (By similarity). Protects dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress ans cell death. Involved in ADCYAP1/PACAP-induced calcium mobilization and neuroendocrine secretion (By similarity). Plays a role in fibroblast anchorage and redox regulation. In gastric smooth muscle, modulates the contraction processes through the regulation of calcium release and MYLK activation (By similarity). In pancreatic islets, involved in the control of glucose homeostasis, contributes to prol [...] (195 aa) | ||||
Mgea5 | Protein O-GlcNAcase; Cleaves GlcNAc but not GalNAc from O-glycosylated proteins. Can use p-nitrophenyl-beta-GlcNAc and 4- methylumbelliferone-GlcNAc as substrates but not p-nitrophenyl- beta-GalNAc or p-nitrophenyl-alpha-GlcNAc (in vitro). Does not bind acetyl-CoA and does not have histone acetyltransferase activity (916 aa) | ||||
Nt5dc3 | 5'-nucleotidase domain containing 3 (546 aa) | ||||
Arrb1 | Beta-arrestin-1; Functions in regulating agonist-mediated G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating both receptor desensitization and resensitization processes. During homologous desensitization, beta-arrestins bind to the GPRK-phosphorylated receptor and sterically preclude its coupling to the cognate G- protein; the binding appears to require additional receptor determinants exposed only in the active receptor conformation. The beta-arrestins target many receptors for internalization by acting as endocytic adapters (CLASPs, clathrin-associated sorting proteins) and rec [...] (418 aa) | ||||
Atp6ap1 | V-type proton ATPase subunit S1; Accessory subunit of the proton-transporting vacuolar (V)-ATPase protein pump, which is required for luminal acidification of secretory vesicles. Guides the V-type ATPase into specialized subcellular compartments, such as neuroendocrine regulated secretory vesicles or the ruffled border of the osteoclast, thereby regulating its activity. Involved in membrane trafficking and Ca(2+)-dependent membrane fusion. May play a role in the assembly of the V-type ATPase complex. In aerobic conditions, involved in intracellular iron homeostasis, thus triggering the [...] (463 aa) | ||||
Wbp2 | WW domain-binding protein 2; Acts as transcriptional coactivator of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ESR1 and PGR) upon hormone activation. In presence of estrogen, binds to ESR1-responsive promoters. Required for YAP1 coactivation function on PGR activity. Synergizes with WBP2 in enhancing PGR activity (By similarity). Modulates expression of post-synaptic scaffolding proteins via regulation of ESR1, ESR2 and PGR (261 aa) | ||||
Ndrg3 | Protein NDRG3; N-myc downstream regulated gene 3; Belongs to the NDRG family (388 aa) | ||||
Ywhaz | 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta; Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner (245 aa) | ||||
Slc25a4 | ADP/ATP translocase 1; Involved in mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Catalyzes the exchange of cytoplasmic ADP with mitochondrial ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane; Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family (298 aa) | ||||
Olfm1 | Noelin; Contributes to the regulation of axonal growth in the embryonic and adult central nervous system by inhibiting interactions between RTN4R and LINGO1. Inhibits RTN4R-mediated axon growth cone collapse. May play an important role in regulating the production of neural crest cells by the neural tube (By similarity). May be required for normal responses to olfactory stimuli (485 aa) | ||||
Fut9 | Alpha-(1,3)-fucosyltransferase 9; Transfers a fucose to lacto-N-neotetraose but not to either alpha2,3-sialyl lacto-N-neotetraose or lacto-N-tetraose. Can catalyze the last step in the biosynthesis of Lewis antigen, the addition of a fucose to precursor polysaccharides; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 10 family (359 aa) | ||||
Fgf1 | Fibroblast growth factor 1; Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, angiogenesis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as potent mitogen in vitro. Acts as a ligand for FGFR1 and integrins. Binds to FGFR1 in the presence of heparin leading to FGFR1 dimerization and activation via sequential autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues which act as docking sites for interacting proteins, leading to the activation of several signaling cascades. Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. Its binding to integrin, subsequent ternary complex formation with int [...] (155 aa) | ||||
Pitpna | Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein alpha isoform; Catalyzes the transfer of PtdIns and phosphatidylcholine between membranes (271 aa) | ||||
Ank2 | Ankyrin-2; Attaches integral membrane proteins to cytoskeletal elements. Also binds to cytoskeletal proteins. Required for coordinate assembly of Na/Ca exchanger, Na/K ATPase and InsP3 receptor at sarcoplasmic reticulum sites in cardiomyocytes. Required for the coordinated expression of the Na/K ATPase, Na/Ca exchanger and beta-2-spectrin (SPTBN1) in the inner segment of rod photoreceptors. Required for expression and targeting of SPTBN1 in neonatal cardiomyocytes and for the regulation of neonatal cardiomyocyte contraction rate. In skeletal muscle, required for proper localization of [...] (1050 aa) | ||||
Atp6v0e2 | V-type proton ATPase subunit e 2; Vacuolar ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells (81 aa) | ||||
Eif4g3 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 3; Probable component of the protein complex eIF4F, which is involved in the recognition of the mRNA cap, ATP-dependent unwinding of 5'-terminal secondary structure and recruitment of mRNA to the ribosome. Thought to be a functional homolog of EIF4G1 (By similarity) (1579 aa) | ||||
Actb | Actin, cytoplasmic 1; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells; Belongs to the actin family (375 aa) | ||||
Hmgcs1 | Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, cytoplasmic; This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase (520 aa) | ||||
Slc12a5 | Solute carrier family 12 member 5; Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport in mature neurons and is required for neuronal Cl(-) homeostasis. As major extruder of intracellular chloride, it establishes the low neuronal Cl(-) levels required for chloride influx after binding of GABA-A and glycine to their receptors, with subsequent hyperpolarization and neuronal inhibition. Involved in the regulation of dendritic spine formation and maturation; Belongs to the SLC12A transporter family (1115 aa) | ||||
Slc24a3 | Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 3; Transports 1 Ca(2+) and 1 K(+) in exchange for 4 Na(+) (645 aa) | ||||
Nlgn2 | Neuroligin-2; Transmembrane scaffolding protein involved in cell-cell interactions via its interactions with neurexin family members. Mediates cell-cell interactions both in neurons and in other types of cells, such as Langerhans beta cells. Mediates cell-cell interactions between Langerhans beta cells and modulates insulin secretion (By similarity). Plays a role in synapse function and synaptic signal transmission, especially via gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA(A) receptors). Functions by recruiting and clustering synaptic proteins. Promotes clustering of postsynaptic GABRG2 a [...] (836 aa) | ||||
Slc2a3 | Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 3; Facilitative glucose transporter that can also mediate the uptake of various other monosaccharides across the cell membrane. Mediates the uptake of glucose, 2-deoxyglucose, galactose, mannose, xylose and fucose, and probably also dehydroascorbate. Does not mediate fructose transport; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily (493 aa) | ||||
Kcna6 | Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 6; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes. Forms tetrameric potassium-selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient (By similarity). The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane (By similarity). Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA4, KCNA6, and possib [...] (529 aa) | ||||
Actr2 | Actin-related protein 2; Functions as ATP-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks. Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament (By similarity) (394 aa) | ||||
Zbtb7a | Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 7A; Plays a key role in the instruction of early lymphoid progenitors to develop into B lineage by repressing T-cell instructive Notch signals. Specifically represses the transcription of the CDKN2A gene. Efficiently abrogates E2F1- dependent CDKN2A transactivation/de-repression. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-[GA][CA]GACCCCCCCCC-3' (569 aa) | ||||
Rnf157 | E3 ubiquitin ligase Rnf157; E3 ubiquitin ligase that ubiquitinates APBB1 for its degradation by the proteasome and thus prevents apoptosis and promotes survival of neurons. Has a dual role in neurons as it is also required for dendrite growth and maintenance for which its ligase activity is not critical. May act as a scaffold molecule to regulate this process. Acts as a downstream effector of the interconnected PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways and thus participates in the regulation of the cell cycle (By similarity) (681 aa) | ||||
Fam126b | Protein FAM126B; Component of a complex required to localize phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) to the plasma membrane (530 aa) | ||||
Dctn3 | Dynactin subunit 3; Together with dynein may be involved in spindle assembly and cytokinesis (186 aa) | ||||
Rap1gds1 | RAP1, GTP-GDP dissociation stimulator 1 (607 aa) | ||||
Cdip1 | Cell death-inducing p53-target protein 1; Acts as an important p53/TP53-apoptotic effector. Regulates TNF-alpha-mediated apoptosis in a p53/TP53-dependent manner (By similarity); Belongs to the CDIP1/LITAF family (208 aa) | ||||
Elovl6 | Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 6; Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. Condensing enzyme that elongates fatty acids with 12, 14 and 16 carbons with higher activity toward C16:0 acyl-CoAs. Catalyzes the synthesis of unsaturated C16 long chain fatty acids and, to a lesser extent, C18:0 and those with low desaturation degree. May part [...] (267 aa) | ||||
Pja2 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-2; Has E2-dependent E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. Responsible for ubiquitination of cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I and type II-alpha/beta regulatory subunits and for targeting them for proteasomal degradation. Essential for PKA- mediated long-term memory processes (By similarity) (707 aa) | ||||
Scn1a | Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha; Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Plays a key role in brain, probably by regulating the moment when neurotransmitters are released in neurons. Involved in sensory perception of mechanical pain: activation in somatosensory neurons induces pain without neurogenic inflammatio [...] (1998 aa) | ||||
Pkm | Pyruvate kinase PKM; Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP. Stimulates POU5F1-mediated transcriptional activation (By similarity) (531 aa) | ||||
Aes | Amino-terminal enhancer of split; Transcriptional corepressor. Acts as dominant repressor towards other family members. Inhibits NF-kappa-B-regulated gene expression. May be required for the initiation and maintenance of the differentiated state. Essential for the transcriptional repressor activity of SIX3 during retina and lens development (197 aa) | ||||
Wdr26 | WD repeat-containing protein 26; G-beta-like protein involved in cell signal transduction (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator in MAPK signaling pathway (By similarity). Functions as a scaffolding protein to promote G beta:gamma-mediated PLCB2 plasma membrane translocation and subsequent activation in leukocytes (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway through preventing ubiquitination of beta-catenin CTNNB1 by the beta- catenin destruction complex, thus negatively regulating CTNNB1 degradation (By similarity). Serves as a scaffold t [...] (641 aa) | ||||
Stau2 | Double-stranded RNA-binding protein Staufen homolog 2; RNA-binding protein required for the microtubule- dependent transport of neuronal RNA from the cell body to the dendrite. As protein synthesis occurs within the dendrite, the localization of specific mRNAs to dendrites may be a prerequisite for neurite outgrowth and plasticity at sites distant from the cell body (By similarity) (570 aa) | ||||
Cdk5r2 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 2; Activator of CDK5/TPKII; Belongs to the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator family (369 aa) | ||||
Nbea | Neurobeachin; Binds to type II regulatory subunits of protein kinase A and anchors/targets them to the membrane. May anchor the kinase to cytoskeletal and/or organelle-associated proteins. May have a role in membrane trafficking (2936 aa) | ||||
Nipal3 | NIPA-like domain containing 3 (410 aa) | ||||
Ptplad1 | Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 3; Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long- chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum- bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates in the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precurs [...] (362 aa) | ||||
Aplp2 | Amyloid-like protein 2; May play a role in the regulation of hemostasis. The soluble form may have inhibitory properties towards coagulation factors. May interact with cellular G-protein signaling pathways. May bind to the DNA 5'-GTCACATG-3'(CDEI box). Inhibits trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, factor XIA and plasma and glandular kallikrein (By similarity). Modulates the Cu/Zn nitric oxide- catalyzed autodegradation of GPC1 heparan sulfate side chains in fibroblasts (751 aa) | ||||
Ppm1a | Protein phosphatase 1A; Enzyme with a broad specificity. Negatively regulates TGF-beta signaling through dephosphorylating SMAD2 and SMAD3, resulting in their dissociation from SMAD4, nuclear export of the SMADs and termination of the TGF-beta-mediated signaling (By similarity). Dephosphorylates PRKAA1 and PRKAA2. Plays an important role in the termination of TNF-alpha-mediated NF-kappa-B activation through dephosphorylating and inactivating IKBKB/IKKB; Belongs to the PP2C family (382 aa) | ||||
Kidins220 | Kinase D-interacting substrate 220 (1793 aa) | ||||
Bptf | Bromodomain PHD finger transcription factor (3036 aa) | ||||
Eno2 | Gamma-enolase; Has neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties on a broad spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) neurons. Binds, in a calcium-dependent manner, to cultured neocortical neurons and promotes cell survival (By similarity); Belongs to the enolase family (434 aa) | ||||
Celsr2 | Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2; Receptor that may have an important role in cell/cell signaling during nervous system formation (2919 aa) | ||||
Hspa12a | Heat shock protein 12A (675 aa) | ||||
Psmb2 | Proteasome subunit beta type-2; Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing prot [...] (201 aa) | ||||
Zmat3 | Zinc finger matrin-type protein 3; Acts as a bona fide target gene of p53/TP53. May play a role in the TP53-dependent growth regulatory pathway. May contribute to TP53-mediated apoptosis by regulation of TP53 expression and translocation to the nucleus and nucleolus (290 aa) | ||||
Pfdn5 | Prefoldin subunit 5; Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environment in which there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins. Represses the transcriptional activity of MYC (By similarity) (154 aa) | ||||
Cep170b | Centrosomal protein of 170 kDa protein B; Plays a role in microtubule organization (1574 aa) | ||||
Akt1 | RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine- protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of th [...] (480 aa) | ||||
Chrnb2 | Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2; After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane permeable to sodiun ions (501 aa) | ||||
Ppp3cb | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform; Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. This subunit may have a role in the calmodulin activation of calcineurin; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2B subfamily (525 aa) | ||||
Lynx1 | Ly-6/neurotoxin-like protein 1; Acts in different tissues through interaction to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The proposed role as modulator of nAChR activity seems to be dependent on the nAChR subtype and stoichiometry, and to involve an effect on nAChR trafficking and its cell surface expression, and on single channel properties of the nAChR inserted in the plasma membrane.Modulates functional properties of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to prevent excessive excitation, and hence neurodegeneration. Enhances desensitization by increasing both the rate and ex [...] (116 aa) | ||||
Cntnap1 | Contactin-associated protein 1; Required, with CNTNAP2, for radial and longitudinal organization of myelinated axons. Plays a role in the formation of functional distinct domains critical for saltatory conduction of nerve impulses in myelinated nerve fibers. Demarcates the paranodal region of the axo-glial junction. In association with contactin involved in the signaling between axons and myelinating glial cells (1385 aa) | ||||
Fam219a | Protein FAM219A; Family with sequence similarity 219, member A; Belongs to the FAM219 family (168 aa) | ||||
Dnajc27 | DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 27; GTPase which can activate the MEK/ERK pathway and induce cell transformation when overexpressed. May act as a nuclear scaffold for MAPK1, probably by association with MAPK1 nuclear export signal leading to enhanced ERK1/ERK2 signaling; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family (273 aa) | ||||
Cntn1 | Contactin-1; Contactins mediate cell surface interactions during nervous system development. Involved in the formation of paranodal axo-glial junctions in myelinated peripheral nerves and in the signaling between axons and myelinating glial cells via its association with CNTNAP1. Participates in oligodendrocytes generation by acting as a ligand of NOTCH1. Its association with NOTCH1 promotes NOTCH1 activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Interaction with TNR induces a repulsion of neurons and an inhibition of neurit [...] (1020 aa) | ||||
Calm2 | Calmodulin 2 (149 aa) | ||||
Nova1 | RNA-binding protein Nova-1; Functions to regulate alternative splicing in neurons by binding pre-mRNA in a sequence-specific manner to activate exon inclusion. It binds specifically to the sequence UCAUY. Most likely acts to activate the inclusion of exon E3A in the glycine receptor alpha-2 chain and of exon E9 in gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor gamma-2 subunit via a distal downstream UCAU-rich intronic splicing enhancer (507 aa) | ||||
Tspan7 | Tetraspanin-7; May be involved in cell proliferation and cell motility (249 aa) | ||||
Csde1 | Cold shock domain-containing protein E1; RNA-binding protein. May be involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region determinant of instability (mCRD) domain (By similarity) (798 aa) | ||||
Atp1a3 | Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3; This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium ions, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients (By similarity); Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIC subfamily (1053 aa) | ||||
Ntrk3 | NT-3 growth factor receptor; Receptor tyrosine kinase involved in nervous system and probably heart development. Upon binding of its ligand NTF3/neurotrophin-3, NTRK3 autophosphorylates and activates different signaling pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT and the MAPK pathways, that control cell survival and differentiation; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily (825 aa) | ||||
Slc27a4 | Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4; Involved in translocation of long-chain fatty acids (LFCA) across the plasma membrane. Appears to be the principal fatty acid transporter in small intestinal enterocytes. Plays a role in the formation of the epidermal barrier. Required for fat absorption in early embryogenesis. Has acyl-CoA ligase activity for long-chain and very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). Indirectly inhibits RPE65 via substrate competition and via production of VLCFA derivatives like lignoceroyl-CoA. Prevents light-induced degeneration of rods and cones; Belongs to the [...] (643 aa) | ||||
Tecr | trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA reductase (362 aa) | ||||
Rnf220 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Rnf220; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of SIN3B. Independently of its E3 ligase activity, acts as a CTNNB1 stabilizer through USP7-mediated deubiquitination of CTNNB1 and promotes Wnt signaling (By similarity) (566 aa) | ||||
Syt13 | Synaptotagmin-13; May be involved in transport vesicle docking to the plasma membrane (426 aa) | ||||
Cyfip2 | Cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein 2; Part of the WAVE1 complex that regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex (By similarity). Involved in T-cell adhesion and p53-dependent induction of apoptosis (By similarity). Does not bind RNA. As component of the WAVE1 complex, required for BDNF-NTRK2 endocytic trafficking and signaling from early endosomes (1253 aa) | ||||
G3bp2 | Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 2; Probable scaffold protein that may be involved in mRNA transport (482 aa) | ||||
Arhgap44 | Rho GTPase-activating protein 44; GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that stimulates the GTPase activity of Rho-type GTPases. Thereby, controls Rho-type GTPases cycling between their active GTP-bound and inactive GDP- bound states. May act as a GAP for CDC42 and RAC1. Endosomal recycling protein which, in association with SHANK3, is involved in synaptic plasticity. Promotes GRIA1 exocytosis from recycling endosomes and spine morphological changes associated to long-term potentiation (764 aa) | ||||
Npepps | Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase; Aminopeptidase with broad substrate specificity for several peptides. Involved in proteolytic events essential for cell growth and viability. May act as regulator of neuropeptide activity. Plays a role in the antigen-processing pathway for MHC class I molecules. Involved in the N-terminal trimming of cytotoxic T-cell epitope precursors. Digests the poly-Q peptides found in many cellular proteins (920 aa) | ||||
Dnm1l | Dynamin-1-like protein; Functions in mitochondrial and peroxisomal division. Mediates membrane fission through oligomerization into membrane- associated tubular structures that wrap around the scission site to constrict and sever the mitochondrial membrane through a GTP hydrolysis-dependent mechanism. Through its function in mitochondrial division, ensures the survival of at least some types of postmitotic neurons, including Purkinje cells, by suppressing oxidative damage. Required for normal brain development, including that of cerebellum. Facilitates developmentally regulated apoptos [...] (716 aa) | ||||
Clstn1 | Calsyntenin-1; Induces KLC1 association with vesicles and functions as a cargo in axonal anterograde transport. Complex formation with APBA2 and APP, stabilizes APP metabolism and enhances APBA2- mediated suppression of beta-APP40 secretion, due to the retardation of intracellular APP maturation. In complex with APBA2 and C99, a C-terminal APP fragment, abolishes C99 interaction with PSEN1 and thus APP C99 cleavage by gamma-secretase, most probably through stabilization of the direct interaction between APBA2 and APP. As intracellular fragment AlcICD, suppresses APBB1-dependent transac [...] (979 aa) | ||||
Abr | Active breakpoint cluster region-related protein; GTPase-activating protein for RAC and CDC42. Promotes the exchange of RAC or CDC42-bound GDP by GTP, thereby activating them (By similarity) (871 aa) | ||||
Madd | MAP kinase-activating death domain protein; Plays a significant role in regulating cell proliferation, survival and death through alternative mRNA splicing. Converts GDP-bound inactive form of RAB3A, RAB3C and RAB3D to the GTP-bound active forms. Component of the TNFRSF1A signaling complex: MADD links TNFRSF1A with MAP kinase activation. Plays an important regulatory role in physiological cell death (TNF-alpha-induced, caspase-mediated apoptosis) (1632 aa) | ||||
Smarcc2 | SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC2; Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that carry out key enzymatic activities, changing chromatin structure by altering DNA-histone contacts within a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. Can stimulate the ATPase activity of the catalytic subunit of these complexes. May be required for CoREST dependent repression of neuronal specific gene promoters in non- neuronal cells. Belongs to the neural progenitors- [...] (1213 aa) | ||||
Gatsl2 | Cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 2; Functions as a negative regulator of the TORC1 signaling pathway through the GATOR complex. As part of homodimers or heterodimers with CASTOR1, directly binds and inhibits the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2 and thereby mTORC1. Does not directly bind arginine, but binding of arginine to CASTOR1 disrupts the interaction of CASTOR2-containing heterodimers with GATOR2 which can in turn activate mTORC1 and the TORC1 signaling pathway (329 aa) | ||||
Snap91 | Clathrin coat assembly protein AP180; Adaptins are components of the adaptor complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration. Binding of AP180 to clathrin triskelia induces their assembly into 60-70 nm coats; Belongs to the PICALM/SNAP91 family (838 aa) | ||||
Cd99l2 | CD99 antigen-like protein 2; Plays a role in a late step of leukocyte extravasation helping cells to overcome the endothelial basement membrane. Acts at the same site as, but independently of, PECAM1. Homophilic adhesion molecule, but these interactions may not be required for cell aggregation; Belongs to the CD99 family (214 aa) | ||||
Hint1 | Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1; Hydrolyzes purine nucleotide phosphoramidates with a single phosphate group, including adenosine 5'monophosphoramidate (AMP-NH2), adenosine 5'monophosphomorpholidate (AMP-morpholidate) and guanosine 5'monophosphomorpholidate (GMP-morpholidate). Hydrolyzes lysyl-AMP (AMP-N-epsilon-(N-alpha-acetyl lysine methyl ester)) generated by lysine tRNA ligase, as well as Met-AMP, His- AMP and Asp-AMP, lysyl-GMP (GMP-N-epsilon-(N-alpha-acetyl lysine methyl ester)) and AMP-N-alanine methyl ester. Can also convert adenosine 5'-O-phosphorothioate and guan [...] (126 aa) | ||||
Ogfod1 | Prolyl 3-hydroxylase OGFOD1; Prolyl 3-hydroxylase that catalyzes 3-hydroxylation of 'Pro-62' of small ribosomal subunit uS12 (RPS23), thereby regulating protein translation termination efficiency. Involved in stress granule formation (545 aa) | ||||
Fkbp2 | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP2; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (140 aa) | ||||
Nat8l | N-acetylaspartate synthetase; Plays a role in the regulation of lipogenesis by producing N-acetylaspartate acid (NAA), a brain-specific metabolite. NAA occurs in high concentration in brain and its hydrolysis plays a significant part in the maintenance of intact white matter. Promotes dopamine uptake by regulating TNF-alpha expression. Attenuates methamphetamine-induced inhibition of dopamine uptake; Belongs to the camello family (299 aa) | ||||
Map2k4 | Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Essential component of the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. With MAP2K7/MKK7, is the one of the only known kinase to directly activate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2 and MAPK10/JNK3. MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 both activate the JNKs by phosphorylation, but they differ in their preference for the phosphorylati [...] (397 aa) | ||||
Camk2g | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma; Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that functions autonomously after Ca(2+)/calmodulin-binding and autophosphorylation, and is involved in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) transport in skeletal muscle and may function in dendritic spine and synapse formation and neuronal plasticity. In slow- twitch muscles, is involved in regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) transport and in fast-twitch muscle participates in the control of Ca(2+) release from the SR through phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor-co [...] (529 aa) | ||||
Atp2b1 | Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1; This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium. Involved in bone homeostasis. Has a role in osteoclastogenesis where it regulates RANKL-induced calcium oscillation, a key step in the differentiation process. Also promotes survival of mature osteoclasts, probably by preventing toxic accumulation of intracellular calcium (1220 aa) | ||||
Mfn2 | Mitofusin-2; Mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase that mediates mitochondrial clustering and fusion. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, and their morphology is determined by the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and fission events. Overexpression induces the formation of mitochondrial networks. Membrane clustering requires GTPase activity and may involve a major rearrangement of the coiled coil domains (By similarity). Plays a central role in mitochondrial metabolism and may be associated with obesity and/or apoptosis processes. Plays an important role in the regulation [...] (757 aa) | ||||
Scamp5 | Secretory carrier-associated membrane protein 5; Required for the calcium-dependent exocytosis of signal sequence-containing cytokines such as CCL5. Probably acts in cooperation with the SNARE machinery (By similarity) (235 aa) | ||||
Map1a | Microtubule-associated protein 1A; Structural protein involved in the filamentous cross- bridging between microtubules and other skeletal elements; Belongs to the MAP1 family (3014 aa) | ||||
Set | Protein SET; Multitasking protein, involved in apoptosis, transcription, nucleosome assembly and histone chaperoning. Isoform 2 anti-apoptotic activity is mediated by inhibition of the GZMA-activated DNase, NME1. In the course of cytotoxic T- lymphocyte (CTL)-induced apoptosis, GZMA cleaves SET, disrupting its binding to NME1 and releasing NME1 inhibition. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are potent inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 inhibit EP300/CREBBP and PCAF-mediated acetylation of histones (HAT) and nucleosomes, most probably by masking the accessibility of lysi [...] (289 aa) | ||||
Dst | Dystonin; Cytoskeletal linker protein. Acts as an integrator of intermediate filaments, actin and microtubule cytoskeleton networks. Required for anchoring either intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton in neural and muscle cells or keratin- containing intermediate filaments to hemidesmosomes in epithelial cells. The proteins may self-aggregate to form filaments or a two- dimensional mesh. Regulates the organization and stability of the microtubule network of sensory neurons to allow axonal transport. Mediates docking of the dynein/dynactin motor complex to vesicle cargos for [...] (7393 aa) | ||||
Ndufb10 | NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10; Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (176 aa) | ||||
Psap | Prosaposin; Saposins are specific low-molecular mass non-enzymic proteins, they participate in the lysosomal degradation of sphingolipids, which takes place by the sequential action of specific hydrolases (554 aa) | ||||
Tonsl | Tonsoku-like protein; Component of the MMS22L-TONSL complex, a complex that stimulates the recombination-dependent repair of stalled or collapsed replication forks. The MMS22L-TONSL complex is required to maintain genome integrity during DNA replication by promoting homologous recombination-mediated repair of replication fork- associated double-strand breaks. It may act by mediating the assembly of RAD51 filaments on ssDNA. Within the complex, may act as a scaffold (By similarity); Belongs to the Tonsoku family (1363 aa) | ||||
Cdk5r1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 1; P35 is a neuron specific activator of CDK5. The complex p35/CDK5 is required for neurite outgrowth and cortical lamination. Involved in dendritic spine morphogenesis by mediating the EFNA1-EPHA4 signaling. Activator of TPKII. The complex p35/CDK5 participates in the regulation of the circadian clock by modulating the function of CLOCK protein: phosphorylates CLOCK at 'Thr-451' and 'Thr-461' and regulates the transcriptional activity of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer in association with altered stability and subcellular distribution (307 aa) | ||||
Dnm3 | Dynamin-3; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein involved in producing microtubule bundles and able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Most probably involved in vesicular trafficking processes, in particular endocytosis (By similarity) (859 aa) | ||||
Synj1 | Synaptojanin-1; Phosphatase that acts on various phosphoinositides, including phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (By similarity). Has a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (By similarity). Hydrolyzes PIP2 bound to actin regulatory proteins resulting in the rearrangement of actin filaments downstream of tyrosine kinase and ASH/GRB2 (By similarity); Belongs to the synaptojanin family (1607 aa) | ||||
Kif5a | Kinesin heavy chain isoform 5A; Microtubule-dependent motor required for slow axonal transport of neurofilament proteins (NFH, NFM and NFL). Can induce formation of neurite-like membrane protrusions in non-neuronal cells in a ZFYVE27-dependent manner. The ZFYVE27-KIF5A complex contributes to the vesicular transport of VAPA, VAPB, SURF4, RAB11A, RAB11B and RTN3 proteins in neurons; Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. Kinesin subfamily (1027 aa) | ||||
Syngr1 | Synaptogyrin-1; May play a role in regulated exocytosis. Modulates the localization of synaptophysin/SYP into synaptic-like microvesicles and may therefore play a role in synaptic-like microvesicle formation and/or maturation (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity; Belongs to the synaptogyrin family (234 aa) | ||||
Rcan2 | Calcipressin-2; Inhibits calcineurin-dependent transcriptional responses by binding to the catalytic domain of calcineurin A. Could play a role during central nervous system development (243 aa) | ||||
Ppp2r2c | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B gamma isoform; The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment (447 aa) | ||||
Psmb6 | Proteasome subunit beta type-6; Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing prot [...] (238 aa) | ||||
Hk1 | Hexokinase-1; Hexokinase 1; Belongs to the hexokinase family (918 aa) | ||||
Camk4 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV; Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that operates in the calcium-triggered CaMKK-CaMK4 signaling cascade and regulates, mainly by phosphorylation, the activity of several transcription activators, such as CREB1, MEF2D, JUN and RORA, which play pivotal roles in immune response, inflammation, and memory consolidation. In the thymus, regulates the CD4(+)/CD8(+) double positive thymocytes selection threshold during T-cell ontogeny. In CD4 memory T-cells, is required to link T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling to the productio [...] (469 aa) | ||||
Lrrc4b | Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 4B; Synaptic adhesion protein. Regulates the formation of excitatory synapses. The trans-synaptic adhesion between LRRC4B and PTPRF regulates the formation of excitatory synapses in a bidirectional manner (By similarity) (709 aa) | ||||
Kcnma1 | Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1; Potassium channel activated by both membrane depolarization or increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) that mediates export of K(+). It is also activated by the concentration of cytosolic Mg(2+). Its activation dampens the excitatory events that elevate the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration and/or depolarize the cell membrane. It therefore contributes to repolarization of the membrane potential. Plays a key role in controlling excitability in a number of systems, such as regulation of the contraction of smooth muscle, the tuning of hair cells in t [...] (1239 aa) | ||||
Ahcyl1 | S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase-like protein 1; Multifaceted cellular regulator which coordinates several essential cellular functions including regulation of epithelial HCO3(-) and fluid secretion, mRNA processing and DNA replication. Regulates ITPR1 sensitivity to inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate competing for the common binding site and acting as endogenous 'pseudoligand' whose inhibitory activity can be modulated by its phosphorylation status. In the pancreatic and salivary ducts, at resting state, attenuates inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate-induced calcium release by interacting with I [...] (530 aa) | ||||
Diras1 | GTP-binding protein Di-Ras1; Displays low GTPase activity and exists predominantly in the GTP-bound form (198 aa) | ||||
Cx3cl1 | Fractalkine; Acts as a ligand for both CX3CR1 and integrins. Binds to CX3CR1 and to integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA4:ITGB1. Can activate integrins in both a CX3CR1-dependent and CX3CR1-independent manner. In the presence of CX3CR1, activates integrins by binding to the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) in integrins. In the absence of CX3CR1, binds to a second site (site 2) in integrins which is distinct from site 1 and enhances the binding of other integrin ligands to site 1 (By similarity). The soluble form is chemotactic for T-cells and monocytes, but not for neutrophils. The mem [...] (395 aa) | ||||
Epm2aip1 | EPM2A (laforin) interacting protein 1 (606 aa) | ||||
Srcin1 | SRC kinase signaling inhibitor 1; Acts as a negative regulator of SRC by activating CSK which inhibits SRC activity and downstream signaling, leading to impaired cell spreading and migration. Regulates dendritic spine morphology. Involved in calcium-dependent exocytosis. May play a role in neurotransmitter release or synapse maintenance (By similarity) (1217 aa) | ||||
Acox1 | Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1; Catalyzes the desaturation of acyl-CoAs to 2-trans- enoyl-CoAs. Isoform 1 shows highest activity against medium-chain fatty acyl-CoAs and activity decreases with increasing chain length. Isoform 2 is active against a much broader range of substrates and shows activity towards very long-chain acyl-CoAs (By similarity) (661 aa) | ||||
Gnaq | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Regulates B-cell selection and survival and is required to prevent B-cell-dependent autoimmunity. Regulates chemotaxis of BM-derived neutrophils and dendritic cells (in vitro); Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily (359 aa) | ||||
Epha5 | Ephrin type-A receptor 5; Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously GPI- anchored ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Among GPI-anchored ephrin-A ligands, EFNA5 most probably constitutes the cognate/functional ligand for EPHA5. Functions as an axon guidance molecule during development and may be involved in [...] (876 aa) | ||||
Fau | Ubiquitin-like protein FUBI; Finkel-Biskis-Reilly murine sarcoma virus (FBR-MuSV) ubiquitously expressed (fox derived); Belongs to the ubiquitin family (133 aa) | ||||
Rheb | GTP-binding protein Rheb; Activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1, and thereby plays a role in the regulation of apoptosis. Stimulates the phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 through activation of mTORC1 signaling. Has low intrinsic GTPase activity (184 aa) | ||||
Trim37 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM37; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase required to prevent centriole reduplication (By similarity). Probably acts by ubiquitinating positive regulators of centriole reduplication (By similarity). Mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-119' of histone H2A (H2AK119Ub), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression: associates with some Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC2-like complex and mediates repression of target genes (961 aa) | ||||
Atp13a2 | Cation-transporting ATPase 13A2; ATPase that plays a role in intracellular cation homeostasis and the maintenance of neuronal integrity. Required for a proper lysosomal and mitochondrial maintenance; Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type V subfamily (1169 aa) | ||||
Spock2 | Testican-2; May participate in diverse steps of neurogenesis. Binds calcium (By similarity) (423 aa) | ||||
Gpx3 | Glutathione peroxidase 3; Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione (226 aa) | ||||
Lpgat1 | Acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylglycerol acyltransferase 1; Lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) specific acyltransferase that recognizes various acyl-CoAs and LPGs as substrates but demonstrates a clear preference for long chain saturated fatty acyl-CoAs and oleoyl-CoA as acyl donors. Prefers oleoyl-LPG over palmitoyl-LPG as an acyl receptor and oleoyl-CoA over lauroyl-CoA as an acyl donor (By similarity) (409 aa) | ||||
Plxna4 | Plexin-A4; Coreceptor for SEMA3A. Necessary for signaling by class 3 semaphorins and subsequent remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Plays a role in axon guidance in the developing nervous system. Class 3 semaphorins bind to a complex composed of a neuropilin and a plexin. The plexin modulates the affinity of the complex for specific semaphorins, and its cytoplasmic domain is required for the activation of down-stream signaling events in the cytoplasm (1893 aa) | ||||
Ttbk2 | Tau-tubulin kinase 2; Serine/threonine kinase that acts as a key regulator of ciliogenesis: controls the initiation of ciliogenesis by binding to the distal end of the basal body and promoting the removal of CCP110, which caps the mother centriole, leading to the recruitment of IFT proteins, which build the ciliary axoneme. Has some substrate preference for proteins that are already phosphorylated on a Tyr residue at the +2 position relative to the phosphorylation site. Able to phosphorylate tau on serines in vitro (1312 aa) | ||||
Cntnap2 | Contactin-associated protein-like 2; Required, with CNTNAP1, for radial and longitudinal organization of myelinated axons. Plays a role in the formation of functional distinct domains critical for saltatory conduction of nerve impulses in myelinated nerve fibers. Demarcates the juxtaparanodal region of the axo-glial junction (Probable) (1332 aa) | ||||
Thy1 | Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein; May play a role in cell-cell or cell-ligand interactions during synaptogenesis and other events in the brain (162 aa) | ||||
Napb | Beta-soluble NSF attachment protein; Required for vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus; Belongs to the SNAP family (298 aa) | ||||
Abat | 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L- beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate semialdehyde, respectively. Can also convert delta-aminovalerate and beta-alanine (By similarity) (500 aa) | ||||
Vamp1 | Vesicle-associated membrane protein 1; Involved in the targeting and/or fusion of transport vesicles to their target membrane (118 aa) | ||||
Opa1 | Dynamin-like 120 kDa protein, mitochondrial; Dynamin-related GTPase that is essential for normal mitochondrial morphology by regulating the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and mitochondrial fission. Coexpression of isoform 1 with shorter alternative products is required for optimal activity in promoting mitochondrial fusion (By similarity). Binds lipid membranes enriched in negatively charged phospholipids, such as cardiolipin, and promotes membrane tubulation. The intrinsic GTPase activity is low, and is strongly increased by interaction with lipid membranes (By similarity). [...] (960 aa) | ||||
Mprip | Myosin phosphatase Rho-interacting protein; Targets myosin phosphatase to the actin cytoskeleton. Required for the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by RhoA and ROCK1. Depletion leads to an increased number of stress fibers in smooth muscle cells through stabilization of actin fibers by phosphorylated myosin. Overexpression of MRIP as well as its F- actin-binding region leads to disassembly of stress fibers in neuronal cells (1024 aa) | ||||
Ina | Alpha-internexin; Class-IV neuronal intermediate filament that is able to self-assemble. It is involved in the morphogenesis of neurons. It may form an independent structural network without the involvement of other neurofilaments or it may cooperate with NF-L to form the filamentous backbone to which NF-M and NF-H attach to form the cross-bridges (By similarity) (501 aa) | ||||
Pafah1b1 | Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha; Positively regulates the activity of the minus-end directed microtubule motor protein dynein. May enhance dynein- mediated microtubule sliding by targeting dynein to the microtubule plus end. Required for several dynein- and microtubule-dependent processes such as the maintenance of Golgi integrity, the peripheral transport of microtubule fragments and the coupling of the nucleus and centrosome. Required during brain development for the proliferation of neuronal precursors and the migration of newly formed neurons from the ve [...] (410 aa) | ||||
Csrnp3 | Cysteine/serine-rich nuclear protein 3; Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-AGAGTG-3' and has transcriptional activator activity. Plays a role in apoptosis; Belongs to the AXUD1 family (597 aa) | ||||
Ndufb11 | NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial; Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (151 aa) | ||||
Vdac1 | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1; Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane and also the plasma membrane. The channel at the outer mitochondrial membrane allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules; in the plasma membrane it is involved in cell volume regulation and apoptosis. It adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation-selective. May participate in the formation of the permeability transition p [...] (283 aa) | ||||
Arhgef4 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42 GTPases. Binding of APC may activate RAC1 GEF activity. The APC-ARHGEF4 complex seems to be involved in cell migration as well as in E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion (By similarity). Required for MMP9 up-regulation via the JNK signaling pathway in colorectal tumor cells. Involved in tumor angiogenesis and may play a role in intestinal adenoma formation and tumor progression (484 aa) | ||||
Mapk9 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, transformation and programmed cell death. Extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK9/JNK2. In turn, MAPK9/JNK2 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JU [...] (423 aa) | ||||
Gsk3a | Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha; Constitutively active protein kinase that acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules, by phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase (GYS1 or GYS2), CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC and AXIN1. Requires primed phosphorylation of the majority of its substrates. Contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting GYS1 activity and hence glycogen synthesis. Regulates glycogen metabolism in liver, but not in muscle. M [...] (490 aa) | ||||
Psmb3 | Proteasome subunit beta type-3; Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing prot [...] (205 aa) | ||||
Rab3c | Ras-related protein Rab-3C; Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity) (227 aa) | ||||
Syn2 | Synapsin-2; Neuronal phosphoprotein that coats synaptic vesicles, binds to the cytoskeleton, and is believed to function in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. May play a role in noradrenaline secretion by sympathetic neurons (586 aa) | ||||
Agpat3 | 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma; Converts lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) into phosphatidic acid by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. Acts on LPA containing saturated or unsaturated fatty acids C16:0-C20:4 at the sn-1 position using C18:1, C20:4 or C18:2-CoA as the acyl donor. Also acts on lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylinositol and lysophosphatidylserine using C18:1 or C20:4-CoA (By similarity). Has a preference for arachidonoyl-CoA as a donor. Has also a modest lysophosphatidylinositol acyltransferase (LPIAT) activi [...] (376 aa) | ||||
Nceh1 | Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1; Hydrolyzes 2-acetyl monoalkylglycerol ether, the penultimate precursor of the pathway for de novo synthesis of platelet-activating factor. May be responsible for cholesterol ester hydrolysis in macrophages. Also involved in organ detoxification by hydrolyzing exogenous organophosphorus compounds (408 aa) | ||||
Tmem178b | Putative uncharacterized protein LOC434008; Transmembrane protein 178B (139 aa) | ||||
Psma6 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-6; Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing pro [...] (246 aa) | ||||
Ndufab1 | Acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis (By similarity). Accessory and non-catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), which functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain (By similarity) (156 aa) | ||||
Cit | Citron Rho-interacting kinase; Plays a role in cytokinesis. Required for KIF14 localization to the central spindle and midbody. Probable RHO/RAC effector that binds to the GTP-bound forms of RHO and RAC1. It probably binds p21 with a tighter specificity in vivo. Displays serine/threonine protein kinase activity. Plays an important role in the regulation of cytokinesis and the development of the central nervous system. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2 (2055 aa) | ||||
Aak1 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] (959 aa) | ||||
Dclk1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase DCLK1; Probable kinase that may be involved in a calcium- signaling pathway controlling neuronal migration in the developing brain. May also participate in functions of the mature nervous system (By similarity) (756 aa) | ||||
Bend6 | BEN domain-containing protein 6; Acts as a corepressor of recombining binding protein suppressor hairless (RBPJ) and inhibits Notch signaling in neural stem cells, thereby opposing their self-renewal and promoting neurogenesis (281 aa) | ||||
Mapt | Microtubule-associated protein tau; Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N- terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabil [...] (430 aa) | ||||
Faim2 | Protein lifeguard 2; Antiapoptotic protein which protects cells uniquely from Fas-induced apoptosis. Regulates Fas-mediated apoptosis in neurons by interfering with caspase-8 activation. Plays a role in cerebellar development by affecting cerebellar size, internal granular layer (IGL) thickness, and Purkinje cell (PC) development; Belongs to the BI1 family. LFG subfamily (317 aa) | ||||
Agap3 | Arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3; GTPase-activating protein for the ADP ribosylation factor family (Potential). GTPase which may be involved in the degradation of expanded polyglutamine proteins through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (910 aa) | ||||
Ywhag | 14-3-3 protein gamma; Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner (247 aa) | ||||
Gm15800 | HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 4; Predicted gene 15800 (4418 aa) | ||||
Kif1b | Kinesin-like protein KIF1B; Motor for anterograde transport of mitochondria. Has a microtubule plus end-directed motility (1770 aa) | ||||
Slc30a9 | Zinc transporter 9; Acts as a zinc transporter involved in intracellular zinc homeostasis (By similarity). Functions as a secondary coactivator for nuclear receptors by cooperating with p160 coactivators subtypes. Plays a role in transcriptional activation of Wnt-responsive genes; Belongs to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) transporter (TC 2.A.4) family. SLC30A subfamily (567 aa) | ||||
Ptprs | Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase S; Cell surface receptor that binds to glycosaminoglycans, including chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Binding to chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate proteoglycans has opposite effects on PTPRS oligomerization and regulation of neurite outgrowth. Contributes to the inhibition of neurite and axonal outgrowth by chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, also after nerve transection. Plays a role in stimulating neurite outgrowth in response to the heparan sulfate proteoglycan GPC2. Required for normal brain develop [...] (1907 aa) | ||||
Serinc1 | Serine incorporator 1; Enhances the incorporation of serine into phosphatidylserine and sphingolipids; Belongs to the TDE1 family (453 aa) | ||||
Calr | Calreticulin; Calcium-binding chaperone that promotes folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle. This lectin interacts transiently with almost all of the monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER. Interacts with the DNA-binding domain of NR3C1 and mediates its nuclear export. Involved in maternal gene expression regulation. May participate in oocyte maturation via the regulation of calcium homeostasis (By similarity); Belongs to the calreticulin family (416 aa) | ||||
Plcb4 | Phospholipase C, beta 4 (1175 aa) | ||||
Fbxo41 | F-box only protein 41; Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F- box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (873 aa) | ||||
Cs | Citrate synthase, mitochondrial; Citrate synthase (464 aa) | ||||
Endod1 | Endonuclease domain-containing 1 protein; May act as a DNase and a RNase (501 aa) | ||||
Ap2b1 | AP-2 complex subunit beta; Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin- coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold bu [...] (951 aa) | ||||
Mat2a | S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-2; Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. The reaction comprises two steps that are both catalyzed by the same enzyme: formation of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) and triphosphate, and subsequent hydrolysis of the triphosphate; Belongs to the AdoMet synthase family (395 aa) | ||||
Tmem151a | Transmembrane protein 151A (468 aa) | ||||
Klhdc2 | Kelch domain-containing protein 2; Represses CREB3-mediated transcription by interfering with CREB3-DNA binding (406 aa) | ||||
Prkce | Protein kinase C epsilon type; Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays essential roles in the regulation of multiple cellular processes linked to cytoskeletal proteins, such as cell adhesion, motility, migration and cell cycle, functions in neuron growth and ion channel regulation, and is involved in immune response, cancer cell invasion and regulation of apoptosis. Mediates cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix via integrin-dependent signaling, by mediating angiotensin-2-induced activation of integrin beta-1 [...] (737 aa) | ||||
Slc17a6 | Vesicular glutamate transporter 2; Mediates the uptake of glutamate into synaptic vesicles at presynaptic nerve terminals of excitatory neural cells. May also mediate the transport of inorganic phosphate (582 aa) | ||||
Kcnc1 | Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 1; Voltage-gated potassium channel that plays an important role in the rapid repolarization of fast-firing brain neurons. The channel opens in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, forming a potassium-selective channel through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNC2, and possibly other family members as well. Contributes to fire sustained trains of very brief action [...] (585 aa) | ||||
Dpp6 | Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6; Promotes cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCND2. Modulates the activity and gating characteristics of the potassium channel KCND2. Has no dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity (By similarity); Belongs to the peptidase S9B family (859 aa) | ||||
Gabra1 | Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1; Component of the heteropentameric receptor for GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain. Functions also as histamine receptor and mediates cellular responses to histamine. Functions as receptor for diazepines and various anesthetics, such as pentobarbital; these are bound at a separate allosteric effector binding site. Functions as ligand- gated chloride channel (By similarity) (455 aa) | ||||
Gnb1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein- effector interaction (By similarity) (340 aa) | ||||
Sptbn1 | Spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1; Fodrin, which seems to be involved in secretion, interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane (2154 aa) | ||||
Kiaa0513 | Uncharacterized protein KIAA0513; RIKEN cDNA 6430548M08 gene (407 aa) | ||||
Rab6b | Ras-related protein Rab-6B; Seems to have a role in retrograde membrane traffic at the level of the Golgi complex. May function in retrograde transport in neuronal cells (By similarity); Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family (208 aa) | ||||
Pura | Transcriptional activator protein Pur-alpha; This is a probable transcription activator that specifically binds the purine-rich single strand of the PUR element located upstream of the c-Myc gene. May play a role in the initiation of DNA replication and in recombination (321 aa) | ||||
Dnajc6 | Putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin; Recruits HSPA8/HSC70 to clathrin-coated vesicles and promotes uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles. Plays a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in neurons (938 aa) | ||||
Irgq | Immunity-related GTPase family, Q; Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. IRG family (583 aa) | ||||
Ghitm | Growth hormone-inducible transmembrane protein; Required for the mitochondrial tubular network and cristae organization. Involved in apoptotic release of cytochrome c (By similarity) (346 aa) | ||||
Sv2a | Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A; Plays a role in the control of regulated secretion in neural and endocrine cells, enhancing selectively low-frequency neurotransmission. Positively regulates vesicle fusion by maintaining the readily releasable pool of secretory vesicles (742 aa) | ||||
Dync1h1 | Cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy chain 1; Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Plays a role in mitotic spindle assembly and metaphase plate congression (4644 aa) | ||||
Arhgef9 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for CDC42. Promotes formation of GPHN clusters (By similarity) (560 aa) | ||||
Ppp2ca | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform; PP2A is the major phosphatase for microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). PP2A can modulate the activity of phosphorylase B kinase casein kinase 2, mitogen-stimulated S6 kinase, and MAP-2 kinase. Cooperates with SGO2 to protect centromeric cohesin from separase-mediated cleavage in oocytes specifically during meiosis I. Activates RAF1 by dephosphorylating it at 'Ser-259' (By similarity); Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-1 subfamily (309 aa) | ||||
Nefl | Neurofilament light polypeptide; Neurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: L, M, and H which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber (543 aa) | ||||
Kcnab2 | Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta-2; Cytoplasmic potassium channel subunit that modulates the characteristics of the channel-forming alpha-subunits. Contributes to the regulation of nerve signaling, and prevents neuronal hyperexcitability. Promotes expression of the pore-forming alpha subunits at the cell membrane, and thereby increases channel activity (By similarity). Promotes potassium channel closure via a mechanism that does not involve physical obstruction of the channel pore. Modulates the functional properties of KCNA4 (By similarity). Modulates the functional proper [...] (367 aa) | ||||
Mecp2 | Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2; Chromosomal protein that binds to methylated DNA. It can bind specifically to a single methyl-CpG pair. It is not influenced by sequences flanking the methyl-CpGs. Mediates transcriptional repression through interaction with histone deacetylase and the corepressor SIN3. Binds both 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC)-containing DNA, with a preference for 5-methylcytosine (5mC) (501 aa) | ||||
Ctxn1 | Cortexin-1; May mediate extracellular or intracellular signaling of cortical neurons during forebrain development (82 aa) | ||||
Megf8 | Multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains protein 8; Multiple EGF-like-domains 8 (2789 aa) | ||||
Cbx6 | Chromobox protein homolog 6; Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1- like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Possibly contributes to the target selectivity of the PRC1 complex by binding specific regions of chromatin (By similarity). Recruitment to chromatin might occur i [...] (414 aa) | ||||
Lphn1 | Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L1; Calcium-independent receptor of high affinity for alpha- latrotoxin, an excitatory neurotoxin present in black widow spider venom which triggers massive exocytosis from neurons and neuroendocrine cells. Receptor for TENM2 that mediates heterophilic synaptic cell-cell contact and postsynaptic specialization. Receptor probably implicated in the regulation of exocytosis (By similarity); Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily (1466 aa) | ||||
Cdk14 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 14; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle, whose activity is controlled by an associated cyclin. Acts as a cell-cycle regulator of Wnt signaling pathway during G2/M phase by mediating the phosphorylation of LRP6 at 'Ser-1490', leading to the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Acts as a regulator of cell cycle progression and cell proliferation via its interaction with CCDN3. Phosphorylates RB1 in vitro, however the relevance of such result remains to be confirmed in vivo. May also play a role in meiosis, neuro [...] (469 aa) | ||||
Ptp4a2 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 2; Protein tyrosine phosphatase which stimulates progression from G1 into S phase during mitosis. Inhibits geranylgeranyl transferase type II activity by blocking the association between RABGGTA and RABGGTB (By similarity) (167 aa) | ||||
Syp | Synaptophysin; Possibly involved in structural functions as organizing other membrane components or in targeting the vesicles to the plasma membrane (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity; Belongs to the synaptophysin/synaptobrevin family (314 aa) |
node1 | node2 | node1 accession | node2 accession | node1 annotation | node2 annotation | score |
Aak1 | Actr2 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000000137 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Actin-related protein 2; Functions as ATP-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks. Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament (By similarity) | 0.933 |
Aak1 | Ap2b1 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000018875 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | AP-2 complex subunit beta; Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin- coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold bu [...] | 0.967 |
Aak1 | Ap3b2 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000080739 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | AP-3 complex subunit beta-2; Subunit of non-clathrin- and clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-3 appears to be involved in the sorting of a subset of transmembrane proteins targeted to lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles. In concert with the BLOC-1 complex, AP-3 is required to target cargos into [...] | 0.534 |
Aak1 | Arrb1 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000095866 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Beta-arrestin-1; Functions in regulating agonist-mediated G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating both receptor desensitization and resensitization processes. During homologous desensitization, beta-arrestins bind to the GPRK-phosphorylated receptor and sterically preclude its coupling to the cognate G- protein; the binding appears to require additional receptor determinants exposed only in the active receptor conformation. The beta-arrestins target many receptors for internalization by acting as endocytic adapters (CLASPs, clathrin-associated sorting proteins) and rec [...] | 0.905 |
Aak1 | Dnajc6 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000044251 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin; Recruits HSPA8/HSC70 to clathrin-coated vesicles and promotes uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles. Plays a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in neurons | 0.949 |
Aak1 | Dnm1 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000088618 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Dynamin-1; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein involved in producing microtubule bundles and able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Most probably involved in vesicular trafficking processes. Involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis (By similarity) | 0.940 |
Aak1 | Dnm3 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000064538 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Dynamin-3; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein involved in producing microtubule bundles and able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Most probably involved in vesicular trafficking processes, in particular endocytosis (By similarity) | 0.929 |
Aak1 | Gapvd1 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000108723 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | GTPase-activating protein and VPS9 domain-containing protein 1; Acts both as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) and a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), and participates in various processes such as endocytosis, insulin receptor internalization or LC2A4/GLUT4 trafficking. Acts as a GEF for the Ras-related protein RAB31 by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP, leading to regulate LC2A4/GLUT4 trafficking. In the absence of insulin, it maintains RAB31 in an active state and promotes a futile cycle between LC2A4/GLUT4 storage vesicles and early endosomes, retaining LC2A4/GLUT4 inside th [...] | 0.925 |
Aak1 | Rab5b | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000000727 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Ras-related protein Rab-5B; Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity) | 0.906 |
Aak1 | Snap91 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000096096 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Clathrin coat assembly protein AP180; Adaptins are components of the adaptor complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration. Binding of AP180 to clathrin triskelia induces their assembly into 60-70 nm coats; Belongs to the PICALM/SNAP91 family | 0.964 |
Aak1 | Synj1 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000113308 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Synaptojanin-1; Phosphatase that acts on various phosphoinositides, including phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (By similarity). Has a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (By similarity). Hydrolyzes PIP2 bound to actin regulatory proteins resulting in the rearrangement of actin filaments downstream of tyrosine kinase and ASH/GRB2 (By similarity); Belongs to the synaptojanin family | 0.937 |
Aak1 | Syt1 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000100912 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Synaptotagmin-1; May have a regulatory role in the membrane interactions during trafficking of synaptic vesicles at the active zone of the synapse. It binds acidic phospholipids with a specificity that requires the presence of both an acidic head group and a diacyl backbone. A Ca(2+)-dependent interaction between synaptotagmin and putative receptors for activated protein kinase C has also been reported. It can bind to at least three additional proteins in a Ca(2+)-independent manner; these are neurexins, syntaxin and AP2. Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity) | 0.914 |
Aak1 | Syt11 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000103129 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Synaptotagmin-11; May be involved in Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of secretory vesicles through Ca(2+) and phospholipid binding to the C2 domain or may serve as Ca(2+) sensors in the process of vesicular trafficking and exocytosis; Belongs to the synaptotagmin family | 0.905 |
Aak1 | Vamp2 | ENSMUSP00000086948 | ENSMUSP00000021273 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] | Vesicle-associated membrane protein 2; Involved in the targeting and/or fusion of transport vesicles to their target membrane. Modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1 (By similarity) | 0.911 |
Aatk | Cdk5r1 | ENSMUSP00000099309 | ENSMUSP00000099514 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase LMTK1; May be involved in neuronal differentiation | Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 1; P35 is a neuron specific activator of CDK5. The complex p35/CDK5 is required for neurite outgrowth and cortical lamination. Involved in dendritic spine morphogenesis by mediating the EFNA1-EPHA4 signaling. Activator of TPKII. The complex p35/CDK5 participates in the regulation of the circadian clock by modulating the function of CLOCK protein: phosphorylates CLOCK at 'Thr-451' and 'Thr-461' and regulates the transcriptional activity of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer in association with altered stability and subcellular distribution | 0.405 |
Aatk | Faim2 | ENSMUSP00000099309 | ENSMUSP00000023750 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase LMTK1; May be involved in neuronal differentiation | Protein lifeguard 2; Antiapoptotic protein which protects cells uniquely from Fas-induced apoptosis. Regulates Fas-mediated apoptosis in neurons by interfering with caspase-8 activation. Plays a role in cerebellar development by affecting cerebellar size, internal granular layer (IGL) thickness, and Purkinje cell (PC) development; Belongs to the BI1 family. LFG subfamily | 0.406 |
Aatk | Madd | ENSMUSP00000099309 | ENSMUSP00000077094 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase LMTK1; May be involved in neuronal differentiation | MAP kinase-activating death domain protein; Plays a significant role in regulating cell proliferation, survival and death through alternative mRNA splicing. Converts GDP-bound inactive form of RAB3A, RAB3C and RAB3D to the GTP-bound active forms. Component of the TNFRSF1A signaling complex: MADD links TNFRSF1A with MAP kinase activation. Plays an important regulatory role in physiological cell death (TNF-alpha-induced, caspase-mediated apoptosis) | 0.427 |
Abat | Ogdh | ENSMUSP00000063548 | ENSMUSP00000003461 | 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L- beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate semialdehyde, respectively. Can also convert delta-aminovalerate and beta-alanine (By similarity) | 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: 2- oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) | 0.449 |
Abca2 | App | ENSMUSP00000099983 | ENSMUSP00000005406 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 2; Probable transporter, its natural substrate has not been found yet. May have a role in macrophage lipid metabolism and neural development | Amyloid-beta A4 protein; Functions as a cell surface receptor and performs physiological functions on the surface of neurons relevant to neurite growth, neuronal adhesion and axonogenesis. Involved in cell mobility and transcription regulation through protein-protein interactions. Can promote transcription activation through binding to APBB1-KAT5 and inhibit Notch signaling through interaction with Numb. Couples to apoptosis-inducing pathways such as those mediated by G(O) and JIP. Inhibits G(o) alpha ATPase activity (By similarity). Acts as a kinesin I membrane receptor, mediating the [...] | 0.568 |
Abca2 | Hmgcs1 | ENSMUSP00000099983 | ENSMUSP00000136944 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 2; Probable transporter, its natural substrate has not been found yet. May have a role in macrophage lipid metabolism and neural development | Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, cytoplasmic; This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase | 0.416 |